Evaluating the Hedging Potential of the Lean Hog Futures Contract
by
Mark W. Ditsch
Consolidated Grain and Barge Company
Mound City, Illinois
and
Raymond M. Leuthold
Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Abstract
The lean hog futures contract is replacing the live hog futures contract
at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange beginning with the February 1997 contract.
The lean hog futures will be cash settled based on a broad-based lean hog
price index, eliminating terminal markets from the price discovery process.
Using this index over a twenty-month period as a proxy for the lean hog
futures price, this paper compares the hedging effectiveness of the live
hog futures contract to the hedging potential of the lean hog futures contract
for cash live hogs as well as four cash meat cuts. Frozen pork bellies
futures are also examined for the cash meats. Both long-term and short-term
hedges are simulated, using the minimum-variance approach, which utilizes
only unconditional information, and the Myers-Thompson approach that incorporates
conditional information. The results show that the lean hog futures should
perform better than either the live hog or the frozen pork bellies futures
as a hedging instrument for Omaha cash hogs and cash loins. The strongest
evidence of this is for the short-term hedging of cash hogs. For the other
three meats, no futures contract demonstrated a clear hedging advantage.
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